Cooperative Geometric Scheme for Passive Localization of Target in an Indoor Environment

Due to the rapid expansion of the Internet of Things (IoT), modern buildings are equipped with ubiquitous networked devices and ambient sensors. This transformation opened a new opportunity for occupancy detection using the current infrastructure. In the literature review, we identified various solutions that can facilitate passive localization using radio, motion sensors, RFID, NFC, and air quality sensors. However, radio devices are the most effective and inexpensive solution for occupancy detection. Passive localization (PL) is an emerging area of indoor occupancy detection. It has various applications in perimeter security, elderly monitoring, and the intelligent healthcare sector. In PL, the target is localized using the target-induced shadowed links within the wireless network. Researchers investigated various approaches for passive local-ization using analytical geometry and fingerprinting techniques. However, the existing fingerprinting and geometric schemes are computationally expensive and need a dense wireless network for greater accuracy. We have obtained better accuracy in the proposed PL scheme within a sparsely deployed wireless network. The performance of the proposed PL scheme is compared with the state-of-the-art Geometric filter (GF) scheme. The obtained results show that the proposed PL scheme achieved 0.21m mean accuracy of target tracking with 0.20 m of Root Mean Square Error (RMSE).