Interference is the major threat to integrity of navigation systems. In this paper, we provide new approaches to localization and characterization operations of GNSS jamming signals in both cooperative and distributed architectures. As for localization, Differential Received Signal Strength (DRSS) and an Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) are exploited. With respect to characterization, two approaches are envisaged, both based on exploiting the Karhunen-Loève Expansion (KLE). In the first, the nodes estimate and reconstruct the received jamming signal and share this data between themselves or with a Fusion Center (FC), which exploits KLE for data aggregation. In the second approach, signal estimation and reconstruction are performed at the FC, thus decreasing the nodes' complexity. The performance of the localization and characterization algorithms are analyzed in terms of Mean Localization Error (MLE) and Mean Square Error (MSE), respectively. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithms provide good performance.
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