Contact Angle Profiles for Droplets on Omniphilic Surfaces in the Presence of Tangential Forces

In real life, sessile droplets usually have a three-dimensional shape, making it difficult to understand their forced wetting behavior, both from an experimental and a theoretical perspective. Even in the case of spreading under quasi-static conditions, where the droplet shape is described by the Young–Laplace equation, there is no fundamental approach to describe the contact line evolution. In the present work, a few existing approaches on this issue are analyzed and assessed. It is shown that an experimentally inspired fixed shape for the contact line of droplets that are spreading under the action of tangential forces can be considered equivalent to a theory for contact line motion. There is a lack of experimental data for contact line evolution under arbitrary scenarios of forces. Such data will be very helpful for the further development of the suggested approach to contact line motion. Of particular interest is the case of small contact angle droplets, for which a top view can clearly indicate the contact line location. On the contrary, in such droplets, the direct experimental measurement of contact angle profile is very difficult. This must be estimated theoretically; thus, a special approach has been developed here for this purpose.