As befits an immune mechanism, CRISPR-Cas systems are highly variable with respect to Cas protein sequences, gene composition, and organization of the genomic loci. Optimal classification of CRISPR-Cas systems and rational nomenclature for CRISPR-associated genes are essential for further progress of CRISPR research. These are highly challenging tasks because of the complexity of CRISPR-Cas and their fast evolution, including frequent module shuffling, as well as the lack of universal markers for a consistent evolutionary classification. The complexity and variability of CRISPR-Cas systems necessitate a multipronged approach to classification and nomenclature. We present a brief summary of the current state of the art and discuss further directions in this area.
Ana Moya-Beltrán, Kira S. Makarova, Lillian G. Acuña, Yuri I. Wolf, Paulo C. Covarrubias, Sergey Shmakov, Cristian Silva, Igor Tolstoy, D. Barrie Johnson, Eugene V Koonin, Raquel Quatrini
Kira S. Makarova, Sergey Shmakov, Yuri I. Wolf, Pascal Mutz, Han Altae-Tran, Chase L. Beisel, Stan J. J. Brouns, Emmanuelle Charpentier, David R. Cheng, Jennifer A. Doudna, Daniel H. Haft, Philippe Horvath, Sylvain Moineau, Francisco J. M. Mojica, Patrick Pausch, Rafael Pinilla‐Redondo, Shiraz A. Shah, Virginijus Šikšnys, Michael P. Terns, Jesse Tordoff, Česlovas Venclovas, Malcolm F. White, Alexander F. Yakunin, Feng Zhang, Roger A. Garrett, Rolf Backofen, John van der Oost, Rodolphe Barrangou, Eugene V Koonin
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