Many digital services, such as pay TV, confidential videoconferencing, and medical and military imaging systems, require reliable security in storage and transmission of digital images and videos. This chapter focuses on different image and video encryption algorithms based on chaos and aims to clarify some experiences, lessons, and principles of using chaos to design such encryption schemes. In image and video encryption systems, some features are required to support special functions of diverse multimedia services in different environments. Since the 1990s, selective encryption has been widely suggested and adopted as a basic idea for the encryption of digital images and videos, aiming to achieve a better trade-off between the encryption load and the security level. Image and video encryption plays a more and more important role in today’s multimedia world. Although many encryption schemes have been proposed to provide security for digital images and videos, some of them are too weak to resist various attacks designed by cryptanalysts.
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