Cancer epidemiology and public health

Abstract Neoplasms continue to dominate globally as one of the major sources of human disease and death. From a biological, clinical, and public health point of view, it is important to differentiate between a malignant and benign neoplasm. There are multiple causes of cancer and understanding the attributable risk factors for each cancer is important. This chapter covers the role of cellular and molecular mechanisms as well as the experimental and epidemiological approaches as determinants of select, common cancers. Promising approaches focused on prevention of the known causes, reducing its consequences, and notably in resource-constrained settings are highlighted.