Base Station Oriented Multi Route Diversity Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

In Wireless sensor networks (WSN), a sensor node (SN) has a limited amount of power to perform computing and communication among other nodes and to the base station. They are generally deployed in hostile areas, where it is difficult to access and replace their batteries. Therefore, an energy efficient and QoS-based protocol needs to be designed to reduce energy consumption and for prolonging the network lifetime [1]. In this paper, a sink based multi-route diversity (MRD) protocol is proposed, which prolongs the lifetime of the network by selecting the optimal shortest path to send the data packets to the final destination. The optimal path is selected based upon the maximum remaining energy at the node. To evaluate the performance of the proposed scheme, simulations are performed in MATLAB by varying the various parameters (Energy consumption, number of alive nodes, and throughput) of the network in comparison to other existing state-of-the-art schemes, such as EESAA, LEACH, and EEHC. The simulation results reveal that by varying the initial energy, number of alive nodes parameters, the MRD protocol performs better in terms of end-to-end delay, throughput, and energy consumption, where energy consumption is reduced by 12-14%. Also, the number of alive nodes is enhanced by 16-18%, which in turn provides better network lifetime, enhanced throughput for transmitting data packets to base station by 7-9% along with the minimization of delay to 5-7% in comparison with LEACH, EESAA and EEHC schemes.