Association Between Adherence To The French Dietary Guidelines And Lower Resting Heart Rate, Longer Diastole Duration, And Lower Myocardial Oxygen Consumption. The NUTRIVASC Study

Marinos Fysekidis,1,2 Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot,2 Paul Valensi,1 Nathalie Arnault,2 Pilar Galan,2 Serge Hercberg,2 Emmanuel Cosson1,2 1AP-HP, Department of Endocrinology-Diabetology-Nutrition, CRNH-Idf, CINFO, Paris 13 University, Hôpital Jean Verdier, Bondy, France; 2Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (EREN), Université Paris 13, Inserm (U1153), Inra (U1125), Centre d’Epidémiologie et Statistiques Paris Cité, Cnam, COMUE Sorbonne-Paris-Cité, Bobigny F-93017, FranceCorrespondence: Emmanuel CossonDepartment of Endocrinology-Diabetology-Nutrition, Jean Verdier Hospital, avenue du 14 Juillet, Bondy cedex 93143, FranceTel +33 148026580Fax +33 148026579Email emmanuel.cosson@aphp.frBackground: To investigate whether chronic adherence to the French Nutrition and Health Program (PNNS) guidelines was associated with better cardiovascular health.Methods: A study nested within the SU.VI.MAX2 cohort was conducted on participants without cardiovascular risk factors. Long-term adherence to the PNNS guidelines was estimated using validated dietary scores from 2007 and 2012. Individuals who did (PNNS+) and did not (PNNS−) continuously adhere to the PNNS guidelines were included. Applanation tonometry, impedance cardiography, laser doppler flowmetry, heart rate, heart rate variability, endothelial function was used for the assessment of cardiovascular health.Results: A total of 49 subjects (mean age 65.4 ± 5.6 years, 75.5% women) had been included. Those in the PNNS+ group (n=26) were older, had a higher BMI and fat mass than those in the PNNS− group, both groups had similar metabolic parameters. After adjusting for sex, age, and BMI, PNNS+ subjects were found to have a lower heart rate (60.2 ± 8.0 vs 64.3 ± 8.4 beats/min, p=0.042), a lower heart rate × systolic blood pressure product (7166 ± 1323 vs 7788 ± 1680 beats× mmHg/min, p = 0.009), a longer diastole duration (66.7 ± 3.1% vs 64.6 ± 4.1% of the cardiac cycle duration, p=0.049), and a shorter tension–time index (2145 ± 489 vs 2307 ± 428 ms * mmHg, p=0.018) compared to the PNNS− group.Conclusion: Long-term adherence to the PNNS guidelines had a favorable impact on heart rate, diastole duration, and myocardial oxygen consumption.Clinical Trial Registration number: NCT01579409.Keywords: French Health and Nutrition Program, PNNS, heart rate, arterial stiffness, cutaneous blood flow, endothelial function, heart rate variability