Significant research interest has been devoted to organoselenium compounds due to their diverse biological activities, particularly their antioxidant properties, which mimic those of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) enzymes. While previous reviews have explored the broad spectrum of organoselenium chemistry and their applications, this review focuses specifically on aminic organoselenium compounds as next-generation GPx mimics and radical-trapping antioxidants. This work presents a comprehensive analysis of their catalytic mechanisms and structure-activity relationships (SAR) and the methodologies employed to evaluate their antioxidant efficacy. Unlike earlier reviews, this work emphasizes the critical role of aminic moieties in enhancing GPx-like activity and dual functionalities (peroxide decomposition and radical quenching). Key topics include the design principles of aminic organoselenium compounds, their performance relative to classical antioxidants like ebselen and α-tocopherol, and their promising use in developing treatments for conditions linked to oxidative stress. By consolidating advancements from the past two decades, this review connects existing research areas and suggests valuable pathways for future studies in developing multifunctional organoselenium antioxidants.
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