One area with significant potential for cost reduction is the shape and geometry design of wave energy converters (WECs) to facilitate the development of these devices. Recent studies focused on optimizing WEC geometry with respect to single-objective optimization algorithms with simple geometry definitions. Therefore, this review discusses more complex geometry descriptions capable of generating multiple WEC designs while considering various factors to address these limitations. In addition, a range of metaheuristic and evolutionary optimization algorithms are examined to identify the most appropriate choices for single-objective WEC shape design. Through this comprehensive evaluation based on multiple recent studies, this review aims to provide insights into the most effective methods for optimizing WEC shape designs with regard to multi-objective optimization algorithms. This review strives to elaborate on the development of cost-efficient and highly effective wave energy systems by considering various optimization algorithms and shape definitions. Finally, several suggestions are presented to explain the future advancement direction in WEC shape and geometry optimization.
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