A Systematic Control Design Method with Active Damping Control in Voltage Source Converters

This paper proposes a systematic control design method for active damping control of grid-connected voltage source converters (VSCs). The proposed control method considers the conventional cascaded control loops and improves them by including additional states feedback-based active damping. In such a way, all control gains are lumped into one control gain matrix based on the proposed formulation. The lumping of all control gains into one matrix leads to a linear optimization problem, so different techniques can be used to calculate control gains. This work calculates them by using a simple but effective optimal control theorem as a noteworthy feature. The proposed control method can overcome the challenges of designing multiple control loops, evaluating wide time scale dynamics, and tuning required control parameters. Moreover, direct relationships between the proposed tuning parameters and system well-known stability and performance indicators such as maximum damping factor, minimum damping ratio, and the control efforts are identified, providing good physical insight. Finally, the proposed control structure and optimal gain calculations ensure power converter robustness against uncertainties in the grid’s short-circuit ratio (SCR) and different operating-point conditions. When the grid’s SCR changes from 10 (strong grid condition) to 1 (ultra-weak grid condition), the system under the proposed control method maintains good stability margins and simultaneously provides a fast dynamic response by facilitating the implementation of a high-bandwidth phase-locked loop (PLL). The performance of the proposed control strategy was investigated analytically and practically by conducting eigenvalue analysis, simulations, and experiments.