A Sensitive Sensor With a Quartz Matching Layer: For Simultaneous Detection of Ultrasonic and Electromagnetic Wave Signals by Partial Discharge

In order to simplify the complexity of ultrasonic and electromagnetic wave signal detection and improve the accuracy of partial discharge detection of power equipment, a sensor design idea integrating ultrasonic and electromagnetic wave sensing functions is proposed. At the same time, a multifunctional sensor with a quartz matching layer is innovatively proposed to improve the detection sensitivity of ultrasonic and electromagnetic wave signals. The sensor can improve the high-sensitivity receiving ability of ultrasonic and electromagnetic wave signals through the anti-magnetic interference and acoustic penetration effect of the quartz matching layer. The simulation results show that the standing wave ratio of the sensor designed in this article meets the engineering requirements in the 0.3–3 GHz frequency band. The maximum radiation intensity at 1.6 GHz is 5.54 dB, and the effective height is 10.625 mm. It can effectively sense the electromagnetic wave signal. The average ultrasonic sensitivity in 20–80 kHz is 53.23 dB [Ref 1 V/(m/s)], and the peak sensitivity is 63.85 dB, which can effectively sense the ultrasonic signal. Finally, a 220 kV GIS discharge insulation defect simulation experiment platform. The results show that the developed multifunctional sensor with quartz matching layer can realize synchronous and accurate detection of partial discharge ultrasonic and electromagnetic wave signals, and the electromagnetic wave receiving performance is improved by 6.35%, and the ultrasonic sensitivity is improved by 14.29%. The results of this article provide new ideas and solutions for the comprehensive and accurate detection of partial discharge in power equipment.