Abstract A new lateral stirrup design is proposed for short deep beams by considering three-dimensional effects. A series of tests were carried out in order to demonstrate the effect of proposed design. The test results of proposed stirrup design indicated the increase of load carrying capacity and energy dissipation in post-peak behavior. Test results were confirmed by analytically using 3-D Rigid-Body-Spring-Model (RBSM) that is a representative method of discrete element method. It was confirmed by the analytical results that the effectiveness of new stirrup design was caused by confinement effect provided by lateral stirrups.
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