A Hybrid Photovoltaic-Fuel Cell-Based Single-Stage Grid Integration With Lyapunov Control Scheme

This article presents a single-stage hybrid photovoltaic (PV)-fuel cell (FC)-based grid-integrated system with Lyapunov function-based controller design to obtain optimal power extraction from hybrid renewable sources without maximum power point tracking (MPPT) application. The proposed Lyapunov controller performs MPPT function, improves power quality, and forces inverter to inject sinusoidal current to the utility grid. In this proposed approach, the higher switching frequency has been reduced by employing LCL filter inclusion compared to the two-stage hybrid power system. This proposed single-stage system has low cost and improved power quality at the point of common coupling and employed controller injects stable power to the utility grid. In this article, a hybrid overall distributed-particle swarm optimization-based MPPT is employed with FCs and integrated CUK converter. The effectiveness of the employed Lyapunov function-based controller has been tested with dSPACE (DS1104) real-time platform for single-stage hybrid grid-connected power system under varying operating conditions that have high efficiency, reduced harmonic distortion in grid current with the simpler employed power converter. Experimental responses confirm the effectiveness of the proposed controller, which transfers the hybrid power from PV and FC to the utility grid through a single stage.