3D-scaffolds for bone replacement

Bone is the world's second most transplanted tissue, and there is a high demand for bone substitutes, which leads to a decrease in bone bank donors. Three-dimensional scaffolds based on Ti6Al4V, ZrO2, and PEEK were developed and characterized in this study. The mechanical performance of the scaffolds was investigated using experimental mechanical compressive tests and finite element analysis. Also, their in vitro cytocompatibility and osteogenic ability were tested, revealing that the scaffolds were non-cytotoxic and capable of host cells for the duration of the culture.