741 publications from this institution
The economic growth of countries in the Asia–Pacific (AP) region has caused many US-based businesses to consider the strategic initiative of setting up facilities therein. In this paper, we describe a study to locate a repair-parts warehouse for Digital Equipment Corporation, a world leader in the computer and electronics market. Digital's management was charged to consider not only the long-term strategic (or qualitative) issues typical of such problems, but they also had to ensure that any facility that is located would also be viable from a freight-cost (or quantitative) perspective. We show how the analytical network process (ANP) model combined with an optimization model can be used to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of these varied issues.
Focal firms face the challenge of ensuring compliance with their corporate sustainability standards (CSS) within their own organization, by their suppliers, and higher tiers of upstream sub-suppliers— all the way up to suppliers of basic raw materials. Supplier management strategies are key to increase suppliers’ sustainability performance. While focal firm’s sustainable supplier management practices towards their first-tier suppliers have been studied relatively extensively, little is known on how firms may approach suppliers beyond the first-tier level, the sub-suppliers. Focal firms’ challenges range from the mere identification of sub-suppliers to little opportunities to enforce sub-suppliers’ practices. This paper investigates the sub-supplier management practices of two focal firms in the electronic and retail industry by case study research. It proposes that by actively managing sub-suppliers through assessment and collaboration firms can improve sub-suppliers’ compliance with their CSS, that (1) public attention, (2) risk management, and (3) channel power are antecedents to sub-supplier management, and that stakeholder involvement amplifies the effect of sub-supplier management on sub-suppliers’ compliance with their CSS. This paper is novel in addressing the management of higher tiers of upstream sub-suppliers, proposing a framework for understanding sustainability compliance in sub-supplier management.
Blockchain technology is a technology that can effectively support supply chain transparency. An important initial managerial activity is for organisations in supply chains to evaluate and select the most suitable blockchain technology. However, uncertainty and emphasis on sustainable transparency has made this appraisal more complex. This paper: (1) introduces blockchain technology performance measures incorporating various sustainable supply chain transparency and technical attributes; and (2) introduces a new hybrid group decision method, integrated hesitant fuzzy set and regret theory, for blockchain technology evaluation and selection. This method emphasises decision maker psychological characteristics and variation in decision maker opinions. An illustrative application and sensitivity analysis is introduced to aid supply chain managers and researchers understand the blockchain technology selection decision. Methodological and managerial implications associated with the decision tool and application are introduced. This research sets the foundation for significant future research in blockchain technologies evaluation in a supply chain environment.
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is a clinical condition in which the lungs suffer severe irreversible, large-scale damage causing a grievous form of hypoxemic respiratory failure. Acute respiratory distress syndrome is one of the most evasive diagnosis confronted in the Intensive care unit (ICU) as the name, definition and diagnostic standards have adapted over the past four decades. An ARDS diagnosis is established by physiological criteria and continues to be a diagnosis of exclusion, which makes it crucial that medical professionals expand their knowledge base to effectively diagnose ARDS. Patients admitted with ARDS have high mortality rates ranging from 40 to 60 percent. High-level quality supportive care continues to be the sole option for ARDS treatment. Even with improved supportive care, however, ARDS prognosis is still poor. Extended prone positioning (PP) has been shown to increase alveolar recruitment end expiratory lung volume, thereby improving oxygenation and survival. Unfortunately, few studies have examined the association of mortality and prone positioning in ARDS. A systematic review was conducted to examine the following research question: Does prone positioning compared to supine positioning in patients with ARDS decrease mortality rates? This systematic review was guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP). A literature review was performed and data were collected from each study. A cross study analysis was performed and PP was found to reduce mortality rate in patients who were severely hypoxic. The reviewed studies demonstrated that incorporating early and longer periods of PP may improve mortality in ARDS patients, but further research is needed.
Increasingly, companies support or face globalization in order to seek comparative advantage in local regions, whether these advantages have to do with natural
Recently, the Institute of Internal Auditors published a framework that summarized a listing of competency standards, the Competency Framework for Internal Auditing (CFIA), outlining the attributes required by all internal auditors to achieve a high level of professional competence. One of the biggest concerns in the application of this framework is the onerous number of potential factors to be considered. In this paper, using factor analysis, we attempted to reduce the number of skills while maintaining the overall significance of the original framework. The study also sought to obtain the opinions of peer internal auditors on the perceived importance of these various skills. Our findings are important to researchers who can revisit the current internal auditor selection models and reformulate, if necessary, and apply those models to more empirical research using the reduced number of factors introduced in this paper. For organizations and practitioners, these results aid in streamlining their internal auditor selection processes by utilizing a more focused set of factors.
Reports that EDI systems differ from traditional computer systems and, therefore, have special disaster recovery issues that need to be addressed; the main difference being that EDI systems cross organizational boundaries. Explains that this crossing of boundaries means that an organization must look beyond its own walls when constructing a disaster recovery plan. Identifies various concerns for inter‐enterprise systems. Presents a framework based on how the phases for disaster recovery planning can be used to address and plan for these concerns.
Social enterprises have an increasingly important role lately. While connecting with different partners, social enterprises can drive growth and wealth creation beyond their organization. This value creation may derive from tangible offerings of social enterprises, their goods, and services; but also in intangible relational values. One of these intangible value creation elements is social capital with all its dimensions. Through the social capital which broadly refers to the resources accumulated through the relationships among people and organizations, social enterprises can also contribute and build partner competitive advantage. Institutional and social capital theories can help to understand how social enterprises can contribute and transform sustainable supply chains. This article introduces a framework that seeks to understand social enterprise and entrepreneurship capabilities in transforming institutions to strengthen supply chain sustainability and briefly gives some preliminary findings related to social capital and supply chains. This article relies on case analysis and seeks to understand social enterprise and entrepreneurship capabilities in transforming institutions to strengthen supply chain sustainability in order to promote sustainable fire prevention service and overcome new fire risks.
FinTech, or financial technology, embodies technology-driven financial services and solutions. This sector integrates various digital tools like mobile payment apps, online banking platforms, and blockchain technology to streamline financial processes. It’s marked by constant innovation and plays a key role in advancing sustainability. Nevertheless, scholars have raised concerns about unintended consequences in both the financial and energy sectors. These insights are vital for refining FinTech, aiming for sustainable solutions that benefit individuals, communities, and the broader social-ecological system.
This chapter provides an introduction into the need and overview of study in sustainable supply chains. The introduction includes some issues with the term 'sustainability' and the focus on natural environmental issues or environmental sustainability in this Handbook. A brief history of sustainable supply chains, and a multi-level analysis sets the stage for introduction to the Handbook.The Handbook structure and content are broadly defined in this chapter.
Touring corporate facilities can provide insights to many issues and practices. In this article we provide some general insights into information that can be gleaned from plant tours by various stakeholders. Whether it is internal employees, external actors such as suppliers and customers, or even educational tours, various learning can occur. We provide some examples of insights gained from some company tours and how it can be useful to managers and educators or scholars.
Using data from the EPA's EGRID and Clean Air Markets databases, we investigate the energy (technical) and emissions (ecological) efficiencies of 437 of the largest U.S. electricity generators. We focus on fossil-fuel based electricity generating plants because of their significant impact on industry environmental performance, especially with respect to air media emissions. Data envelopment analysis is used to determine the relative technical and environmental performance of these plants and whether win-win opportunities and end-of-pipe versus in-process (reactive versus proactive) practices relate to these efficiencies. The results show that win-win opportunities in terms of simultaneous technical (operational) efficiency and ecological efficiency do not appear to exist.
This issue - as in all our issues for the past few years - begins with technology manager notebook (TMN) articles. Similar to the past few issues, we also have COVID-related articles as we further the repository of managerial and organizational learning opportunities. The rest of this EMR issue includes insightful practical and emergent issues faced by engineering and technology managers, and their organizations and society. At least four of the papers in this issue of IEEE Engineering Management Review (EMR) focused on learning-based activities.
No abstract is provided for this article.
