In this article, we consider how to leverage some of the rapid advances in developmental neuroscience in ways that can improve adolescent health. We provide a brief overview of several key areas of scientific progress relevant to these issues. We then focus on two examples of important health problems that increase sharply during adolescence: sleep problems and affective disorders. These examples illustrate how an integrative, developmental science approach provides new insights into treatment and intervention. They also highlight a cornerstone principle: how a deeper understanding of potentially modifiable factors-at key developmental inflection points along the trajectory toward clinical disorders-is beginning to inform, and may eventually transform, a broad range of innovative early intervention strategies to improve adolescent health.
Background: Inversion recombination elements present unique opportunities for computing and information encoding in biological systems.They provide distinct binary states that are encoded into the DNA sequence itself, allowing us to overcome limitations posed by other biological memory or logic gate systems.Further, it is in theory possible to create complex sequential logics by careful positioning of recombinase recognition sites in the sequence.Methodology/Principal Findings: In this work, we describe the design and synthesis of an inversion switch using the fim and hin inversion recombination systems to create a heritable sequential memory switch.We have integrated the two inversion systems in an overlapping manner, creating a switch that can have multiple states.The switch is capable of transitioning from state to state in a manner analogous to a finite state machine, while encoding the state information into DNA.This switch does not require protein expression to maintain its state, and ''remembers'' its state even upon cell death.We were able to demonstrate transition into three out of the five possible states showing the feasibility of such a switch. Conclusions/Significance:We demonstrate that a heritable memory system that encodes its state into DNA is possible, and that inversion recombination system could be a starting point for more complex memory circuits.Although the circuit did not fully behave as expected, we showed that a multi-state, temporal memory is achievable.
Every reciprocal <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n</tex> -port resistor represented by a continuous <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n</tex> -dimensional piecewise-linear function as described in (12) is shown to be realizable by a circuit containing only 2-terminal piecewise-linear resistors and a <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">(p + q)</tex> -port transformer. An explicit circuit realization is given along with illustrative examples. The necessary and sufficient conditions under which this realization contains only passive elements are also given.
Cellulose is the most abundant biopolymer on earth. The great abundance of cellulose places it at the forefront as a primary source of biomass for renewable biofuels. However, the knowledge of how plant cells make cellulose remains very rudimentary. Cellulose microfibrils are synthesized at the plasma membrane by hexameric protein complexes, also known as cellulose synthase complexes. The only known components of cellulose synthase complexes are cellulose synthase (CESA) proteins until the recent identification of a novel component. CSI1, which encodes CESA interacting protein 1 (CSI1) in Arabidopsis. CSI1, as the first non-CESA proteins associated with cellulose synthase complexes, opens up many opportunities.
In this contribution, we report the synthesis of rhodium multipods that result from a homogeneous seeded growth mechanism. Small Rh nanocrystal seeds were synthesized by the reduction of RhCl3 in ethylene glycol in the presence of PVP. These seed particles could be subsequently used, without isolation, to form larger rhodium nanoparticles. A reaction temperature of 190 degrees C led to isotropic cubic Rh particles. Lowering the reaction temperature resulted in more anisotropic growth, which gave Rh cubes with horns at 140 degrees C, and Rh multipods at 90 degrees C. The anisotropic growth occurred in the (111) direction, as determined by high-resolution TEM (HRTEM). Anisotropic growth proceeds via a seeded growth mechanism, and not by oriented attachment.
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNMR investigations of tetrapropylammonium aluminosilicate and borosilicate solutionsR. F. Mortlock, Alexis T. Bell, and C. J. RadkeCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1991, 95, 1, 372–378Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100154a067https://doi.org/10.1021/j100154a067research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views237Altmetric-Citations46LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
