Abstract Antiferromagnetic spintronics is an emerging area of quantum technologies that leverage the coupling between spin and orbital degrees of freedom in exotic materials. Spin-orbit interactions allow spin or angular momentum to be injected via electrical stimuli to manipulate the spin texture of a material, enabling the storage of information and energy. In general, the physical process is intrinsically local: spin is carried by an electrical current, imparted into the magnetic system, and the spin texture will then rotate in the region of current flow. In this study, we show that spin information can be transported and stored “non-locally" in the material Fe x NbS 2 . We propose that collective modes can manipulate the spin texture away from the flowing current, an effect amplified by strong magnetoelastic coupling of the ordered state. This suggests a novel way to store and transport spin information in strongly spin-orbit coupled magnetic systems.
Organizations have increasingly turned to alternative organizational forms such as joint ventures and internal corporate ventures to enhance innovation. The present study examines the use of a similar, newly-developing organizational form for purposes of innovation; namely, the internal corporate joint venture (ICJV), which has characteristics of both traditional joint ventures and internal corporate venturing. This study presents an industry-specific analysis of innovation across 53 ICJV's (hospital/physician group combinations), using qualitative and quantitative analyses to identify those factors most strongly associated with the degree of innovativeness in these new organizations. The empirical findings suggest three factors most significantly associated with innovation in the ICJV's in our sample: (1) age similarity among organizational members, (2) the sponsoring organization's orientation towards innovation, and (3) ICJV participation in integrative activities with the sponsoring organization. The study concludes by suggesting that greater attention be devoted to studying “nested innovation,” i.e., innovation within a new organizational form that is itself an administrative innovation.
An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
Canards are a new phenomenon in slow-fast systems. The canard phenomenon in three types of nonlinear systems is studied. The authors first study the behavior of the Hopf bifurcation for the following two-dimensional systems: (a) a slow-fast system with a cubic nonlinearity, (b) a system with a constrained curve, and (c) a slow-fast system with a piecewise linear nonlinearity. It is shown that systems (a) and (b) have canard cycles, but the other forgets them. The Hopf bifurcation scheme of the system (a) is continuous, but (b) and (c) are discontinuous. The same questions are considered for three-dimensional systems. The canard with a pseudosingular saddle point is studied, and its role in the system dynamics is explained. It is shown that the slow-fast system with a piecewise linear nonlinearity drops this kind of canard. By using this result, the existence of a chaotic attractor is shown.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
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The mechanical failure of metal/ceramic joints subjected to monotonic and principally cyclic loading under nominal model I (far-field) conditions was investigated for a model Al Al 2 O 3 bimaterial system using a ceramic/metal/ceramic sandwich geometry in four-point bending. Crack growth was seen to follow a path along the interface, except at very high applied driving forces (defined in terms of the range of stress intensity ΔK or the elastic strain energy release rate Δ G ), where a transition to growth in the metal layer took place, often involving a change in fracture mode to microvoid coalescence. The growth of fatigue cracks proceeded over a wide range of applied Δ G levels, extending from values well below to values well above those required to cause fracture in the adjoining ceramic. Interfacial crack-advance mechanisms under cyclic loading were found to be similar to that in ductile metals, as evidenced by the presence of fatigue striations on the metal fracture surface. Rapid (final) failure, conversely, involved ductile fracture in the metal or activation of defects in the ceramic substrate; both scenarios occurred at similar G c (or K c) fracture toughness values. Quantification of the results focused attention on the extensive crack-tip blunting that occurs at high driving forces; this requires significant corrections to the usual small-scale yielding (SSY) assessments of the driving force and yields fracture energies that are orders of magnitude above those reported for other metal/oxide systems.
No abstract is provided for this article.
The giant panda׳s teeth possess remarkable load-bearing capacity and damage resistance for masticating bamboos. In this study, the hierarchical structure and mechanical behavior of the giant panda׳s tooth enamel were investigated under indentation. The effects of loading orientation and location on mechanical properties of the enamel were clarified and the evolution of damage in the enamel under increasing load evaluated. The nature of the damage, both at and beneath the indentation surfaces, and the underlying toughening mechanisms were explored. Indentation cracks invariably were seen to propagate along the internal interfaces, specifically the sheaths between enamel rods, and multiple extrinsic toughening mechanisms, e.g., crack deflection/twisting and uncracked-ligament bridging, were active to shield the tips of cracks from the applied stress. The giant panda׳s tooth enamel is analogous to human enamel in its mechanical properties, yet it has superior hardness and Young׳s modulus but inferior toughness as compared to the bamboo that pandas primarily feed on, highlighting the critical roles of the integration of underlying tissues in the entire tooth and the highly hydrated state of bamboo foods. Our objective is that this study can aid the understanding of the structure-mechanical property relations in the tooth enamel of mammals and further provide some insight on the food habits of the giant pandas.
NHS policy makers should not copy US ACOs but they can learn from their experience, say Hugh Alderwick and colleagues
