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Abstract : The Quantum Information in Group IV Semiconductors workshop provided the first opportunity for an intensive meeting of the specialists working on electron spin qubits in semiconductors that have emerged as a major candidate qubit system owing to the long spin decoherence lifetimes.
[reaction: see text] The synthesis of arylboronic acids and aryl trifluoroborates in a one-pot sequence by Ir-catalyzed borylation of arenes is reported. To prepare the arylboronic acids, the Ir-catalyzed borylation is followed by oxidative cleavage of the boronic ester with NaIO4. To prepare the aryltrifluoroborate, the Ir-catalyzed borylation is followed by displacement of pinacol by KHF2. These two-step sequences give products that are more reactive toward subsequent chemistry than the initially formed pinacol boronates.
The treatment of insomnia since antiquity to the 1960s has included substances and medications such as alcohol, laudanum, bromides, chloral hydrate, paraldehyde, urethane, and barbiturates. Benzodiazepines have been used to treat insomnia, but problems such as dependence, daytime drowsiness, and prevention of the transition from N2 to N3 sleep have resulted in providers prescribing this class of medications less frequently to their patients. Similarly, antidepressants with sedating properties such as trazodone are commonly prescribed to insomnia sufferers, despite considerable adverse effects such as tolerance, constipation, orthostatic hypotension, blurred vision, and priapism. Atypical antipsychotics such as olanzapine and quetiapine are also prescribed to patients with insomnia and also are associated with adverse effects that are not minor, such as dizziness, anticholinergic effects, and weight gain. Newer treatment options, which will be the focus of this chapter, include medications acting on the a-1 subunit of the benzodiazepine receptor complex and a novel MT1/MT2 receptor agonist, have rapidly become the first-line therapy for patients with insomnia, in conjunction with behavioral therapy.
Earthquake engineering practice is increasingly using nonlinear response history analysis (RHA) to demonstrate performance of structures. This rigorous method of analysis requires selection and scaling of ground motions appropriate to design hazard levels. Presented herein is a modal-pushover-based scaling (MPS) method to scale ground motions for use in nonlinear RHA of buildings and bridges. In the MPS method, the ground motions are scaled to match (to a specified tolerance) a target value of the inelastic deformation of the first-'mode' inelastic single-degree-of-freedom (SDF) system whose properties are determined by first-'mode' pushover analysis. Appropriate for first-?mode? dominated structures, this approach is extended for structures with significant contributions of higher modes by considering elastic deformation of second-'mode' SDF system in selecting a subset of the scaled ground motions. Based on results presented for two bridges, covering single- and multi-span 'ordinary standard' bridge types, and six buildings, covering low-, mid-, and tall building types in California, the accuracy and efficiency of the MPS procedure are established and its superiority over the ASCE/SEI 7-05 scaling procedure is demonstrated.
3. Improving Health through Community Organization and Community Building: Perspectives from Health Education and Social Work was published in Community Organizing and Community Building for Health and Welfare on page 37.
The difluoromethylation of phenols with a simple, non-ozone-depleting reagent is described. The reaction occurs within minutes at room temperature with exceptional functional-group tolerance, which makes possible tandem processes for the conversion of arylboronic acids, aryl halides, and arenes to difluoromethyl ethers. As a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors. Such materials are peer reviewed and may be re-organized for online delivery, but are not copy-edited or typeset. Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) should be addressed to the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Population aging, rapidly increasing costs of healthcare and the growing burden of chronic disease are challenges to health systems worldwide. To meet these challenges will require new approaches to healthcare delivery and comprehensive population health management. Within the context of healthcare reform initiatives, important innovations in delivery system organization in the United States are discussed. The innovations focused on are the Patient-Centered Medical Home (PCMH), the Accountable Care Organization (ACO) and the Population Health Management System (PHMS) combined with new payment arrangements that reward for health outcomes achieved rather than paying a fee for each service rendered. For each of these innovations, the evidence on its performance, the challenges involved, and the factors that might promote greater adoption and diffusion of successful models are reviewed. Finally, the role played by a country's political system and its associated culture, structural barriers, size and resources, incentive alignment, and leadership are discussed.
Abstract not Available.
