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An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
Background We examined maternal depressive symptoms ( MDS ) as longitudinal predictors of actigraphy‐measured sleep; children's respiratory sinus arrhythmia ( RSA ) was tested as a moderator of these relations. Method A total of 271 children (145 boys and 126 girls) participated in a three‐wave study ( M age at T1 = 9.38 years), with a 1‐year lag between waves. Children wore actigraphs to derive sleep parameters. RSA reactivity was assessed during a social stress test. Results Contrary to hypotheses, MDS were related to less sleep over time for children exhibiting greater RSA withdrawal. Consistent with hypotheses, MDS were related longitudinally to decreased sleep activity for children exhibiting less RSA withdrawal. Conclusions Findings illustrate the importance of maternal influences and physiological regulation as predictors of children's sleep.
Catalysts and catalytic technologies may hold the key to a host of less environmentally harmful products, less polluting processes, and techniques for controlling air pollution. The development of catalysts for the destruction of halogenated hydrocarbons is representative of efforts aimed at this objective. The challenges posed by the need for environmentally benign processes and products offer exciting opportunities for the discovery and development of new catalysts and catalytic technologies. This article outlines current activities in the application of catalysis for environmental protection and identifies future opportunities for research and development.
ABSTRACT Three proteins encoded by murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV)— gp34, encoded by m04 ( m04 /gp34), gp48, encoded by m06 ( m06/ gp48), and gp40, encoded by m152 ( m152 /gp40)—act together to powerfully impact the ability of primed cytotoxic CD8 T lymphocytes (CTL) to kill virus-infected cells. Of these three, the impact of m152/ gp40 on CTL lysis appears greater than would be expected based on its impact on cell surface major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I. In addition to MHC class I, m152 /gp40 also downregulates the RAE-1 family of NKG2D ligands, which can provide costimulation for CD8 T cells. We hypothesized that m152/ gp40 may impact CTL lysis so profoundly because it inhibits both antigen presentation and NKG2D-mediated costimulation. We therefore tested the extent to which m152/ gp40's ability to inhibit CTL lysis of MCMV-infected cells could be accounted for by its inhibition of NKG2D signaling. As was predictable from the results reported in the literature, NKG2D ligands were not detected by NKG2D tetramer staining of cells infected with wild-type MCMV, whereas those infected with MCMV lacking m152 /gp40 displayed measurable levels of the NKG2D ligand. To determine whether NKG2D signaling contributed to the ability of CTL to lyse these cells, we used a blocking anti-NKG2D antibody. Blocking NKG2D signaling did affect the killing of MCMV-infected cells for some epitopes. However, for all epitopes, the impact of m152 /gp40 on CTL lysis was much greater than the impact of inhibition of NKG2D signaling. We conclude that the downregulation of NKG2D ligands by MCMV makes only a small contribution to the impact of m152 /gp40 on CTL lysis and only for a small subset of CTL.
The following topics are dealt with: The First International Workshop on Requirements Engineering for Social Computing (RESC'11)1 was held in Trento on August 29, 2011, in conjunction with the 19th IEEE International Requirements Engineering Conference. The aim of the workshop was to explore the relationship between requirements engineering and social computing. The workshop consisted of eight technical papers, an invited talk, and a panel discussion. Workshop participants presented and discussed their perspectives on the area. In this note, we summarize the highlights of the workshop.
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) represent an extensive class of porous crystals in which organic ‘struts’ are linked by metal oxide units to make an open networks. The flexibility with which their building units can be varied and their ultra-high porosity (up to 10,000 m2/g) have led to many applications in gas storage and separations for clean energy production, to mention a few. This lecture will focus on how one can design porosity within MOFs to affect highly selective separations (carbon dioxide), storage (hydrogen and methane) and molecular recognition. The lecture will outline a new concept involving the design of a ‘gene’-like sequences in MOFs that code for specific separations and chemical transformations.
Macroinvertebrate guild assignments and length–biomass regressions.
Abstract Koiter’s shell model is derived systematically from nonlinear elasticity theory, and shown to furnish the leading-order model for small thickness when the bending and stretching energies are of the same order of magnitude. An extension of Koiter’s model to finite midsurface strain emerges when stretching effects are dominant.
