3,134 publications from this institution
Our study shows that the outcome of evolution is strikingly different between these two "replicates" of viral evolution. Given the identical starting points at infection, our results support the impact of random epigenetic selection in early infection dynamics. Our data also emphasize the need for a better understanding of the impact of host-virus interactions in viral evolution.
Abstract α‐Glucosidase (AG) inhibitors, one of the classes of oral antidiabetics used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus, delay digestion and absorption of glucose, which in turn, has a lowering effect on postprandial blood glucose and insulin levels. Natural products are a great source for the development of new AG inhibitory drug candidates. We aim to summarize advances in natural AG inhibitors according to their secondary metabolite groups in the last decade. Their mechanisms of action and structure–activity relationships will especially be discussed.
We report a straightforward heat treatment in air of commercial screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCE) at different temperatures and times (ht-SPCE) that produces considerable electrocatalytic effects.
Variceal bleeding, whose triggering mechanisms are largely unknown, occurs with a circadian rhythmicity, with 2 peaks, one greater, in the evening, and one smaller, in the early morning. We assessed some clotting and hemodynamic parameters, possibly involved in variceal hemorrhage, over a 24-hour period, at 4-hour intervals, in 16 patients with cirrhosis and esophageal varices and in 9 controls. At each time interval, tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and tPA inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) antigens and activities and total euglobulin fibrinolytic activity were determined and portal-vein flow velocity, volume, and congestion index were measured by duplex-Doppler. Significant circadian rhythms were searched for by least-squares and cosinor methods. tPA activity showed a circadian rhythm in cirrhosis, with a peak of 2.85 times the trough value, calculated at 18:42, and remained over 2.5-fold until shortly after 22:00. Total fibrinolytic activity showed a similar pattern, which was statistically significant also in controls. tPA and PAI antigens also showed significant circadian rhythm both in controls and cirrhotics, with higher values in the morning. Among the portal hemodynamic parameters only the congestion index showed significant rhythmic changes and only in cirrhosis, with the highest values in the late evening, but with limited diurnal excursion (± 5.5%). In conclusion, we showed the existence of a circadian rhythm of fibrinolysis in cirrhosis, whose temporal distribution might suggest a role of fibrinolysis in variceal hemorrhage on the basis of the comparison to the known chronorisk of variceal bleeding.
Endoscopic mucosal dissection (ESD) is used to diagnose and treat early gastrointestinal tumors. ESD allows for curative resection of superficial gastrointestinal lesions, with the advantage of treating multiple lesions in a single session and performing repeated procedures when necessary. However, ESD operations require a large field of view, and when bleeding occurs, the restricted space may make it difficult to locate and control the bleeding site in a timely manner. Larger wounds created during ESD procedures require even more space, and while tunneling technology has emerged, it is still considered less direct compared to having an additional hand to open the peeled mucosal window. Although transparent caps can help expose the surgical field, their effectiveness is limited when dealing with larger wounds. Various auxiliary techniques have been explored to address these challenges. In our endoscopic diagnosis and treatment center, we have been using ESD for many years, performing approximately 200 cases annually of gastric mucosal lesions and submucosal masses. The vertical and horizontal margins were negative, and the resection was complete, avoiding surgical treatment. Among these cases, 10 involved the use of dental floss-assisted traction during ESD. Dental floss assistance, as one of the auxiliary ESD methods, has the advantages of convenience and ease of use, which facilitates the imaging process. By securing the tail of a titanium clip with dental floss, the procedure becomes more efficient and adaptable. The traction wire can be pulled as needed during the operation, helping to expose and control the field of view. This significantly supplements the effect of the transparent cap, which may be less effective in larger wound areas. Dental floss traction acts as a third hand, expanding the operational space, facilitating endoscopic maneuvers, reducing surgical time, and minimizing the risk of side injuries during the treatment.
1 póster presentado en el 8th International SedNet Conference "Innovative Sediment Management: How to do more with less", 6-9 November 2013, Lisbon
