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A new method is developed to estimate the contemporary effective population size (Ne) from linkage disequilibrium between SNPs without information on their location, which is the usual scenario in non-model species. The general theory of linkage disequilibrium is extended to include the contribution of full-sibs to the measure of LD, leading naturally to the estimation of Ne in monogamous and polygamous mating systems, as well as in multiparous species and non-random distributions of full-sib family size due to selection or other causes. The prediction of confidence intervals for Ne estimates was solved using a small artificial neural network trained on a dataset of over 105 simulation results. The method, implemented in a user-friendly and fast software (currentNe) is able to estimate Ne even in problematic scenarios with large population sizes or small sample sizes, and provides confidence intervals that are more consistent than parametric methods or resampling.
Bioactive food components influence health outcomes.
Abstract Summary: A bioinformatic tool was written to simulate haplotypes and SNPs under a modified coalescent with recombination. The most important feature of this program is that it allows for the specification of non-homogeneous recombination rates, which results in the formation of the so-called ‘haplotype blocks’ of the human genome. The program also implements different mutation models and flexible demographic histories. The samples generated can be very useful to better understand the architecture of the human genome and to investigate its impact in association studies searching for disease genes. Availability: The SNPsim package is available at http://www.evolgenics.com/software Contact: dposada@evolgenics.com * To whom correspondence should be addressed.
The effects derived from the growth of silica shells on the optical properties of sub-micrometer gold spheres have been investigated as a function of shell thickness. The dipole plasmon resonance mode of these large spheres has been found to be significantly more sensitive to changes in the medium refractive index than the quadrupolar mode, in agreement with theoretical modeling based on the boundary element method (BEM) for concentric spheres. Near-field maps of both resonance modes in such coated nanoparticles show that the areas with significant near-field enhancement get progressively located within the silica shell as its thickness increases, with basically no enhancement outside of the shell when this is thicker than the sphere radius. © 2007 American Chemical Society.
We aim to improve the efficiency of traditional deep learning methods for remote sensing by reducing the reliance on annotated data and minimizing training time. Instead of using large-scale unimodal remote sensing image datasets for pre-training, we propose the use of multimodal data (text-image pairs), which we believe to be more effective. To enhance the model's generalization performance in the remote sensing domain and achieve accurate remote sensing image scene classification, we employ the Feature Adaptive Embedding Module. For this purpose, we introduce a cross-modal comparison learning network that is based on openly accessible generalized datasets. This network is capable of recognizing specific photo scenarios from remote sensing photographs, maximizing the accuracy of classification.
