3,134 publications from this institution
Table listing Mytilus galloprovincialis transcripts, including the sequence, length, RPKM, description, accession number of the description (Hit ACC) and e-value obtained in each database used for annotation and the GO terms ascribed to each sequence. (XLSX 38412 kb)
Abstract The effects of humic acids (HA) on Cu up take by the blue mussel (Mytilus edulis) were studied in chemically defined seawater. Short-term uptake by excised gills was studied and compared with whole-mussel Cu accumulation. Copper uptake in gills is not a saturable process within the time frame and concentration range tested, being a linear function of time (0–120 min) and Cu concentration (0–150 μg/L). For the whole mussel, Cu uptake is not linear with time (0–72 h) and Cu concentration (0–130 μg/L). The presence of HA (0–10 mg/L) clearly reduced Cu uptake by gills, but it did not have such an effect on whole-animal uptake. A simple complexation model obtained from voltammetric measurements was used to determine the noncomplexed (labile) fraction of Cu in the presence of HA to test the effect of speciation on Cu uptake. In most cases, Cu uptake by gills was better explained by labile Cu concentrations than by total Cu exposure concentrations, which is in agreement with the free-ion activity model. In whole-animal experiments, Cu uptake was not related to labile Cu concentrations in the presence of HA, indicating that Cu-HA complexes are at least partially available for uptake by the mussels.
Abstract The effect of genetic hitchhiking on neutral variation is analyzed in subdivided populations with differentiated demes. After fixation of a favorable mutation, the consequences on particular subpopulations can be radically different. In the subpopulation where the mutation first appeared by mutation, variation at linked neutral loci is expected to be reduced, as predicted by the classical theory. However, the effect in the other subpopulations, where the mutation is introduced by migration, can be the opposite. This effect depends on the level of genetic differentiation of the subpopulations, the selective advantage of the mutation, the recombination frequency, and the population size, as stated by analytical derivations and computer simulations. The characteristic outcomes of the effect are three. First, the genomic region of reduced variation around the selected locus is smaller than that predicted in a panmictic population. Second, for more distant neutral loci, the amount of variation increases over the level they had before the hitchhiking event. Third, for these loci, the spectrum of gene frequencies is dominated by an excess of alleles at intermediate frequencies when compared with the neutral theory. At these loci, hitchhiking works like a system that takes variation from the between-subpopulation component and introduces it into the subpopulations. The mechanism can also operate in other systems in which the genetic variation is distributed in clusters with limited exchange of variation, such as chromosome arrangements or genomic regions closely linked to targets of balancing selection.
The molecular structure/property-affinity relationships of dietary polyphenols non-covalently binding to total plasma proteins of type II diabetes (IIDTPP) were investigated by comparing the binding constants obtained from the fluorescence titration method. An additional methoxy group in flavonoids increased their binding affinities for IIDTPP by 1.38 to 15.85 times. The hydroxylation at the 4' position (Ring B) of flavonols and the 5 position (Ring A) of isoflavones weakened the binding affinities; however, hydroxylation at other positions on flavonoids slightly enhanced or little affected the binding affinities for IIDTPP. The glycosylation of flavonoids slightly decreased or little affected the affinities for IIDTPP by less than 1 order of magnitude. The hydrogenation of the C2[double bond, length as m-dash]C3 double bond of flavone, 6-hydroxyflavone, 6-methoxyflavone and myricetin decreased the binding affinities. The galloylation of catechins significantly improved the binding affinities with IIDTPP approximately 10 to 1000 times. The esterification of gallic acid increased its binding affinity. The hydrophobic force played an important role in the binding interaction between polyphenols and IIDTPP.
