6,963 publications from this institution
We describe a new graphical concordance of catalogs of extended objects in the Milky Way, which is useful for making cross-catalog comparisons and for identifying otherwise unknown objects. The catalogs included cover Galactic H II regions, reflection nebulae, dark clouds, planetary nebulae, supernova remnants, and the NGC 2000. The concordance is interactive and uses the SuperMongo plotting package. Besides source positions, the concordance gives information about source sizes and distances, when they are available. It is thus complementary to other text-based catalog information services. It can easily be extended to treat more catalogs than the 15 currently available.
We present the second dust continuum data release in the Census of High- and Medium-mass Protostars (CHaMP), expanding the methodology trialed in Pitts et al. to the entire CHaMP survey area (280 degrees < l < 300 degrees, - 4 degrees < b < + 2 degrees). This release includes maps of dust temperature (T-d), H-2 column density (NH2), gas-phase CO abundance, and temperature-density plots for every prestellar clump with Herschel coverage, showing no evidence of internal heating for most clumps in our sample. We show that CO abundance is a strong function of T-d and can be fit with a second-order polynomial in log-space, with a typical dispersion of a factor of 2-3. The CO abundance peaks at 20.0(-1.0)(+0.4) K with a value of 7.4(-0.3)(+0.2) x 10(-5) per H-2; the low T-d at which this maximal abundance occurs relative to laboratory results is likely due to interstellar UV bombardment in the largest survey fields. Finally, we show that, as predicted by theoretical literature and hinted at in previous studies of individual clouds, the conversion factor from integrated (CO)-C-12 line intensity ((ICO)-C-12) to NH2, the X-CO factor, varies as a broken power law in I-CO(12) with a transition zone between 70 and 90 K km s(-1). The X-CO function we propose has NH2 proportional to I-12CO(0.51) for I-12CO less than or similar to 70 K km s(-1) N-H2 proportional to I-12CO(2.3) for I-12CO greater than or similar to 90 K km s(-1) The high-I-12CO side should be generalizable with known adjustments for metallicity, but the influence of interstellar UV fields on the low-I-12CO side may be sample specific. We discuss how these results expand on previous works in the CHaMP series and help tie together observational, theoretical, and laboratory studies on CO over the past decade.
The effect of inhaled capsaicin, the irritant extract of pepper, on airway tone has been studied in humans. Inhaled capsaicin (2.4 X 10(-10) and 2.4 X 10(-9) mol) caused a dose-dependent fall in specific airways conductance (maximum fall 28 +/- 19 and 38 +/- 19%, respectively; means +/- SD, n = 17). This was maximal within 20 s of exposure and lasted for less than 60 s. There was no difference in the magnitude or duration of bronchoconstriction between normal, smoking, or asthmatic subjects. Capsaicin also caused coughing and retrosternal discomfort. On repeated exposure to capsaicin, there was no evidence for a reduced response (tachyphylaxis). Ipratropium bromide (0.25 mg by inhalation) significantly (P less than 0.05) reduced the bronchoconstriction (maximum falls 34 +/- 14 and 15 +/- 9% after saline and ipratropium bromide, respectively; means +/- SD n = 6), indicating that it was dependent on a cholinergic vagal reflex rather than on local release of substance P from nerves in the airway. Inhaled sodium cromoglycate (10 mg by nebulizer or 40 mg as a dry powder), however, had no significant effect on the bronchoconstrictor response. Capsaicin may be a useful tool for investigating nonmyelinated nerve reflexes in human airways.
Abstract Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major global health problem that is poorly treated by current therapies as it has proved difficult to treat the underlying inflammation, which is largely corticosteroid‐resistant in most patients. Although rare genetic endotypes of COPD have been recognized, despite the clinical heterogeneity of COPD, it has proved difficult to identify distinct inflammatory endotypes. Most patients have increased neutrophils and macrophages in sputum, reflecting the increased secretion of neutrophil and monocyte chemotactic mediators in the lungs. However, some patients also have increased eosinophils in sputum and this may be reflected by increased blood eosinophils. Increased blood and sputum eosinophils are associated with more frequent exacerbations and predict a good response to corticosteroids in reducing and treating acute exacerbations. Eosinophilic COPD may represent an overlap with asthma but the mechanism of eosinophilia is uncertain as, although an increase in sputum IL‐5 has been detected, anti‐IL‐5 therapies are not effective in preventing exacerbations. More research is needed to link inflammatory endotypes to clinical manifestations and outcomes in COPD and in particular to predict response to precision medicines.
No abstract is provided for this article.
Abstract In the framework of the RFCS project HOLLOSSTAB, a new design method for determining the resistance of hollow section members has been developed. This method links a generalized slenderness, calculated under the effect of the combined loading, to the resistance of the cross‐section and of the member. This so‐called “Generalized Slenderness‐based Resistance Method” (GSRM) has been shown to provide accurate predictions of experimentally and numerically determined resistances of hollow sections. Nonetheless, the real benefit of this new design method could only be evaluated after a conscientiously performed reliability analysis that is presented in this paper. First, the statistical data of the input variables (cross‐section dimensions, material law) obtained through measurements are presented and compared to the assumptions of Annex E of EN 1993‐1‐1:2020. Then, the reliability analysis is outlined. In particular, attention is given to specific problems resulting from the fact that several basic parameters of GSRM have to be determined numerically (for example the critical loads under combined loading). In addition, the sensitivity of the resulting partial factors to assumptions concerning the statistical distribution of the input variables is studied and discussed.
Recent work on the interactive buckling behavior of compressed sandwich structures (Hunt and Wadee, 1998) is extended to orthotropic core materials. The variation of the material properties can tend to maximize the interactive effect such that overall and secondary localized modes are triggered almost simultaneously, giving rise to highly unstable post-buckling behavior in systems of practical dimensions.
No abstract is provided for this article.
