Objective This study determined the prevalence of adolescents meeting the individual and combinations of the Australian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines, and their associations with the health related quality of life (HRQoL). Methods The participants were 3096 adolescents (mean age: 12.4 years; 49% female) from wave 7 of the birth-cohort of the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children. The outcome was parent-reported HRQoL. Meeting the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines was defined as: ≥60 min/day of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), ≤2 hour/day of recreational screen time, and 9-11 hour/night of sleep. Generalised estimating equations were used to examine the associations between meeting vs. not meeting recommendations and HRQoL outcomes. Results The prevalence of adolescents meeting all three recommendations was 2.4%, with 23% meeting two, and 57% meeting one recommendation. Meeting all three recommendations was associated with higher overall HRQoL score (β = 4.96, 95% CI: 2.54–7.38) as well as physical (β = 5.22, 95% CI: 2.61–7.83) and psychosocial (β = 4.76, 95% CI: 1.77–7.75) scores. Meeting combinations of screen time with MVPA or sleep recommendations were associated with higher scores for all HRQoL outcomes, while meeting MVPA and sleep recommendations was associated with overall HRQoL score. Compared to meeting no recommendation, meeting more recommendations was significantly and incrementally associated with higher scores for all HRQoL outcomes (ptrend<0.001). Conclusions Overall, meeting more recommendations within the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines was associated with better HRQoL outcomes. However, only a small percentage of adolescents met all the recommendations, which underscores the need for promoting and supporting adherence to these behaviours.
The Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology (CSEP), in partnership with the Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group (HALO) at the Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, and in collaboration with ParticipACTION, and others, has developed the Canadian Sedentary Behaviour Guidelines for Children (aged 5-11 years) and Youth (aged 12-17 years). The guidelines include a preamble to provide context, followed by the specific recommendations for sedentary behaviour. The entire development process was guided by the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research Evaluation (AGREE) II instrument, which is the international standard for clinical practice guideline development. Thus, the guidelines have gone through a rigorous and transparent developmental process and the recommendations are based on evidence from a systematic review and interpretation of the research evidence. The final guidelines benefitted from an extensive online consultation process with 230 domestic and international stakeholders and key informants. The final guideline recommendations state that for health benefits, children (aged 5-11 years) and youth (aged 12-17 years) should minimize the time that they spend being sedentary each day. This may be achieved by (i) limiting recreational screen time to no more than 2 h per day - lower levels are associated with additional health benefits; and (ii) limiting sedentary (motorized) transport, extended sitting time, and time spent indoors throughout the day. These are the first evidence-based Canadian Sedentary Behaviour Guidelines for Children and Youth and provide important and timely recommendations for the advancement of public health based on a systematic synthesis, interpretation, and application of the current scientific evidence.
The Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology (CSEP), in partnership with Health Canada and others, released Canada's first physical activity guide for adults in 1998, with specific versions for older adults in 1999 and for children and youth in 2002. Research in the physical activity sciences (e.g., basic science, behavioural assessment, dose-response relationships, epidemiology, health messaging, physical activity measurement) has advanced rapidly since these publications. A detailed review of relevant current research is thus required, to assess whether the existing guidelines and resulting guides need revision or renewal. This introductory paper provides a brief chronology of events leading to the preparation of this journal supplement, including a statement of purpose and an overview of organization and content. A brief discussion of the purpose of the physical activity guidelines and guides, intended biological, psychological, and behavioural outcomes, and the way in which guidelines relate to on-going measurement and surveillance is provided as a context for the papers that follow.
INTRODUCTION: aerobic fitness is considered one of the most important components of health-related physical fitness, with low levels related to increased risk of premature death from all causes, especially cardiovascular diseases.OBJECTIVE: to identify the characteristics of adolescents at higher risk of low levels of aerobic fitness.METHODS: the study included 696 adolescents 15-17 years of age enrolled in public high schools of Florianópolis, southern Brazil. This cross-sectional epidemiological study was conducted in Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil. Aerobic fitness was measured using the modified Canadian Aerobic Fitness Test mCAFT. Sociodemographic gender, age, school grade, paternal and maternal schooling, socioeconomic status, and anthropometric variables body weight, height, triceps and subscapular skinfold thickness, sexual maturation, physical activity, sedentary behavior, and eating habits were collected.RESULTS: it was found that 31.5% of adolescents had low aerobic fitness levels, being higher in boys 49.2% compared to girls 20.6%. Moreover, girls with sedentary behavior, overweight and high body fat percentage were the groups most likely to have inadequate aerobic fitness. In males, the groups most likely to have inadequate aerobic fitness were those whose parents studied more than eight years, those with low levels of physical activity, and those with inadequate nutrition and excessive body fat.CONCLUSION: low aerobic fitness levels were present in one third of adolescents and was more prevalent in boys. Lifestyle changes, including replacement of sedentary behaviors by physical and sport activities , may assist in improving the aerobic fitness of Brazilian adolescents.
No abstract is provided for this article.
Objectives: This longitudinal pilot-study examined the associations of neighbourhood walkability with active school transport (AST) and pedometer-determined physical activity (PA) immediately before and after the transition from primary to secondary school. Methods: Fifty-five grade 6 students were recruited from 4 primary schools in Ottawa in May/June 2012. They were asked to complete a diary indicating their mode of transport to/from school for 1 week and wear a SC-StepMX pedometer for 8 consecutive days. 48 study packages were returned at baseline and 29 at follow-up (September/October 2012). The Walk Score® application was used as a proxy for walkability around the home and around the school. The associations of walkability with AST and average daily step counts at both time points were respectively examined with binary logistic regression and linear regression models adjusted for gender. Results: At baseline, only walkability around the school was positively associated with AST (OR = 1.04). At follow-up, higher Walk Score ratings around the home and the school were both associated with greater odds of AST (OR = 1.12 and 1.29 respectively). Furthermore, walkability around the home was associated with higher step counts with a large effect size (η2 = 0.19). Conclusions: There was a negative association between having a regular medical doctor and high self-perceived health, modified by age. The findings suggest that individual access to care does not predict health in the same way as physician density. INTRODUCTION Recent survey findings indicate that the majority of children and youth do not meet current physical activity (PA) guidelines, which recommend 60 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity per day [1,2]. Even in the pediatric population, insufficient PA levels are associated with detrimental health parameters such as cardiovascular disease risk factors [3,4], underscoring the need for interventions that promote PA. Since children and youth must travel to and from school on a regular basis, active school transport (AST; e.g. using non-motorized travel modes such as walking and cycling to travel to/from school) is regarded as a promising strategy to increase PA at the population level [5,6]. During the last two decades, there has been a rapid in R E S U M E Objectifs: Cette etude pilote longitudinale verifiait l’association entre les quartiers favorables a la marche, le transport actif scolaire (TAS) et le niveau d’activite physique (AP) determine a l’aide d’un podometre, immediatement avant et apres la transition de l’ecole primaire a l’ecole secondaire. Methodes: En mai et juin 2012, 55 eleves de la sixieme annee ont ete recrutes dans 4 ecoles primaires d’Ottawa. On leur a demande de remplir quotidiennement un journal de bord dans lequel ils devaient indiquer leur mode de transport pour se rendre a l’ecole et en revenir durant une semaine. Ils devaient egalement porter un podometre SC-StepMX durant huit jours consecutifs. A la premiere etape, 48 trousses d’etude ont ete retournees a la premiere etape et 29 lors du suivi en septembre et octobre 2012. L’application Walk Score® a ete utilisee comme temoin pour determiner si le milieu environnant le domicile et l’ecole etait favorable a la marche. L’association entre les quartiers favorables a la marche, le TAS et le nombre moyen de pas faits dans une journee a ete examinee respectivement aux deux etapes de l’etude a l’aide d’une regression logistique binaire et d’un modele de regression lineaire ajuste selon le sexe. Resultats: A l’etape initiale, seul un milieu favorable a la marche autour de l’ecole etait associe positivement au TAS (RC = 1,04). Lors du suivi, un indice Walk Score eleve aux alentours de la maison et de l’ecole etait associe a une probabilite superieure de TAS (RC = 1,12 et 1,29 respectivement). De plus, un quartier favorable a la marche autour du domicile etait associe a un nombre plus eleve de pas avec une taille d’effet elevee (η2 = 0,19). Conclusion: Ces observations preliminaires suggerent qu’il peut s’averer plus important pour les etudiants de l’ecole secondaire que leur milieu soit favorable a la marche. Puisqu’aucune autre etude longitudinale n’a ete menee pour evaluer si l’association entre les quartiers favorables a la marche, le TAS et le niveau d’AP varie au fil du temps, il serait justifie de proceder a de grandes etudes prospectives.
Emerging research shows that the composition of movement behaviors throughout the day (physical activities, sedentary behaviors, sleep) is related to indicators of health, suggesting previous research that isolated single movement behaviors maybe incomplete, misleading, and/or unnecessarily constrained.This brief report summarizes evidence to support a 24-hour movement behavior paradigm and efforts to date by a variety of jurisdictions to consult, develop, release, promote, and study 24-hour movement guidelines. It also introduces and summarizes the accompanying series of articles related specifically to 24-hour movement guidelines for the early years.Using robust and transparent processes, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, and the World Health Organization have developed and released 24-hour movement guidelines for the early years: an integration of physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep. Other countries are exploring a similar approach and related research is expanding rapidly. Articles related to guideline development in South Africa, the United Kingdom, Australia, and by the World Health Organization are a part of this special series.A new paradigm employing 24-hour movement guidelines for the early years that combines recommendations for movement behaviors across the whole day is gaining momentum across the globe.
