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Effectively harvesting ambient mechanical energy is the key for realizing self‐powered and autonomous electronics, which addresses limitations of batteries and thus has tremendous applications in sensor networks, wireless devices, and wearable/implantable electronics, etc. Here, a thin‐film‐based micro‐grating triboelectric nanogenerator (MG‐TENG) is developed for high‐efficiency power generation through conversion of mechanical energy. The shape‐adaptive MG‐TENG relies on sliding electrification between complementary micro‐sized arrays of linear grating, which offers a unique and straightforward solution in harnessing energy from relative sliding motion between surfaces. Operating at a sliding velocity of 10 m/s, a MG‐TENG of 60 cm 2 in overall area, 0.2 cm 3 in volume and 0.6 g in weight can deliver an average output power of 3 W (power density of 50 mW cm −2 and 15 W cm −3 ) at an overall conversion efficiency of ∼50%, making it a sufficient power supply to regular electronics, such as light bulbs. The scalable and cost‐effective MG‐TENG is practically applicable in not only harvesting various mechanical motions but also possibly power generation at a large scale.
Heterostructured metal−semiconductor Zn−ZnO core−shell nanobelts and nanotubes have been synthesized. The core is a belt-shaped Zn single crystal, and the shell is an epitaxially grown ZnO layer of ∼5 nm in thickness. The composite nanobelt grows along [21̄1̄0], its top/bottom being ±(0001), and side surfaces ±(011̄0). The Zn core is a single crystal, and the ZnO shell has an epitaxial orientation relationship with the core. The metal-based nanobelts have a distinct morphology from the nanowires reported in the literature. A growth mechanism is proposed on the basis of growth kinetics and thermodynamics. Sublimation of the Zn core results in the formation ZnO nanotubes.
