Although iron deficiency (ID) is considered the most frequent micronutrient deficiency in industrialized countries and is associated with impaired neurodevelopment when occurring in early years, accurate recent estimations of its prevalence are lacking. Our objective was to estimate ID prevalence and associated sociodemographic markers in young children in France. The Saturn-Inf national cross-sectional hospital-based survey recruited 3,831 French children <6 years old between 2008 and 2009 to assess lead poisoning prevalence and to establish a biobank. This secondary analysis measured serum ferritinemia (SF) in sera kept frozen at -80 °C for children with sufficient serum aliquots and C-reactive protein <10 mg/L. For the 657 participating children (17% of the Saturn-Inf study), the median age was 3.9 years (interquartile range: 2.2-5.1); 52% were boys. The median SF was 44 μg/L (interquartile range: 28-71). ID prevalence was 2.8% (95% confidence interval [1.7, 4.7]) and 3.2% (95% confidence interval [2.0, 5.1]) with an SF threshold of 10 and 12 μg/L, respectively. Low SF was significantly associated (p < .05) with mother being a migrant (32 vs. 45 μg/L for a mother born in France) or unemployed (37 vs. 50 μg/L for a mother employed). In this first national cross-sectional hospital-based study in France, ID prevalence was much lower than that in other French and European studies performed in underprivileged populations but close to the lowest values observed in other population-based studies in Europe.

Introduction – En changeant de pays, les migrants doivent se réapproprier certains repères fondamentaux. Cette adaptation peut conduire à l’instauration d’habitudes alimentaires moins favorables à la santé. L’objectif de l’étude était de décrire les comportements alimentaires d’une population d’immigrés enquêtés lors de leur passage à l’Office français de l’immigration et de l’Intégration (OFII), et d’étudier les relations entre ces consommations et la durée de résidence en France.\nMéthodes – Les immigrés se rendaient à l’OFII afin de signer un contrat d’accueil et d’intégration (CAI). L’étude était proposée par l’enquêteur à ceux maitrisant le français oral et écrit. Les participants recevaient un court questionnaire, renseignant les fréquences de consommations pour 11 groupes d’aliments. Afin d’étudier les relations entre ces consommations et la durée de résidence, des analyses ajustées sur les caractéristiques sociodémographiques ont été réalisées.\nRésultats – L’échantillon d’étude se composait de 723 participants. Parmi eux, 33,4% consommaient au moins cinq fruits et légumes par jour. Seuls 13,3% consommaient trois produits laitiers quotidiennement. Par ailleurs, 66,3% consommaient au moins deux fois par semaine des produits issus de la pêche. Plus d’un quart (28,0%) consommait des boissons sucrées quotidiennement, et la moitié des produits sucrés (48,7%) ou gras et salés (47,0%) tous les jours. Il n’y avait aucune association statistiquement significative entre consommations par groupe d’aliments et durée de résidence en France.\nConclusion – Les consommations alimentaires de la population immigrée présentent quelques spécificités en comparaison de celles de la population générale, nécessitant des messages de prévention adaptés.

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L’objectif de notre étude était d’analyser la perception de quatre formats de signalétiques nutritionnelles actuellement en compétition pour être en face avant des emballages parmi les participants de la cohorte NutriNet-Santé1. La perception a été analysée dans l’ensemble de l’échantillon et selon le statut pondéral. Parmi les participants (N = 21 648), le NutriScore était le format préféré (43,8 %) suivi par les Traffic Light Multiples (24,9%), et le SENS (17,1%). Aucun logo n’était considéré comme culpabilisant pour 50,3 % de la population. La perception était similaire quel que soit le statut pondéral.

Los valores de referencia de hemoglobina de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) subestiman la prevalencia de la anemia nutricional por carencia de hierro en las poblaciones andinas. Tal es la conclusión de la investigación que hemos realizado para evaluar el estado de algunos indicadores hematológicos, entre ellos hemoglobina, en 126 habitantes de la zona andina ecuatoriana, de ambos sexos, aparentemente en buen estado de salud y pertenencientes a diferentes grupos etarios. 30 pre—escolares, 50 escolares y 46 adultos jóvenes participaron en el estudio. En el primer día de la investigación se encontró que, de acuerdo a los valores de referencia de la OMS corregidos para la altura de Quito, 85 individuos debían ser considerados no—anémicos, vale decir “normales” . Al cabo de un período de suplementación con hierro, se halló que 27 de los 85 sujetos, esto es un 32 por ciento, habían incrementado su valor de hemoglobina al menos en lg/dl. En consecuencia se trataba de individuos verdaderamente anémicos y por ende deficientes en hierro, quienes, de no mediar la prueba de suplementación, se hubiesen mantenido en la categoría de “normales” , subestimándose la_prevalencia en el porcentaje indicado. (Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas (Quito), 12: 118, 1987).

These findings support the beneficial effect of dietary olive oil or healthy diet habits associated with olive oil consumption on the severity of facial photoaging.

Distribution of the “share of total commuting time spent active” among active commuters, N = 537. (DOCX 13 kb)

The French National Programme on Nutrition and Health (Programme national nutrition santé (PNNS)), the aim of which is to reduce nutrition-related chronic diseases, necessitates monitoring of nutritional characteristics. Our objective was to describe dietary intake, physical activity and nutritional status in a national sample of adults, especially according to current French recommendations. The study is based on a cross-sectional population-based survey using a multistage sampling design (Etude nationale nutrition santé (ENNS)). Between February 2006 and March 2007, 3115 18-74-year-old adults were included (participation rate 59.7 %). Energy, macronutrient and food consumption were estimated through three randomly distributed 24 h recalls, and compared to PNNS recommendations; physical activity was described using International Physical Activity Questionnaire guidelines; anthropometry, blood pressure and biochemical measurements were assessed according to national and international references. When compared to current recommendations, intake of carbohydrates (>50 % energy intake without alcohol: 26.4 %), SFA ( < 35 % total lipids: 18.5 %) and total fibre (>25 g/d: 13.7 %) was frequently unsatisfactory. While overall consumption of 'meat, seafood and eggs' was satisfactory, that of fruits and vegetables ( > or = 400 g/d: 43.8 %) and seafood (two or more servings per week: 29.9 %) was frequently too low. The physical activity level was satisfactory at 63.2 %. Overweight was observed in 49.3 % of adults, while 30.9 % were hypertensive and 44.1 % had dyslipidaemia. Vitamin and iron-poor status was found to affect less than 10 % of the population. Based on the ENNS survey, overall nutrition remains a problem in France. Comparison of these data with those of other countries could contribute to a better understanding of variations in nutrition-related diseases.

Présentation poster : Y. Fillâtre The Second International Congress of Translational Research in Human Nutrition is organised by the Research Centre in Human Nutrition (CRNH) of Auvergne, of which INRA is a member, in collaboration with NuGO, European Association of universities and research institutes in the field of nutrigenomics ANR Phenomenep ALIA-2010-007 Conseil Regional Auvergne-FEDER post-doc grant&lt;br/&gt;Présentation poster : Y. FillâtreThe Second International Congress of Translational Research in Human Nutrition is organised by the Research Centre in Human Nutrition (CRNH) of Auvergne, of which INRA is a member, in collaboration with NuGO, European Association of universities and research institutes in the field of nutrigenomicsANR Phenomenep ALIA-2010-007 Conseil Regional Auvergne-FEDER post-doc grant

Communication orale Yoann Fillâtre

The work presented is part of the Metabo-Breast cancer project (2015-2017, INCa, P.I. M. Touvier), which aims at 1) discovering predictive biomarkers of breast cancer using metabolomics 2) identifying biomarkers of the quality of the usual diet and of specific foods with putative health effects and 3) relating these biomarkers to enhance our understanding of the role of nutrition and specific dietary factors on breast cancer. Here we focus on the objective of discovering biomarkers of food intake by the exploration of the food metabolome in serum samples from the SU.VI.MAX cohort, using high-resolution mass spectrometry. Untargeted metabolomics is a holistic, data-driven approach that has proved efficient to discover dietary biomarkers through the comparison of the comprehensive profiles of plasma or urine metabolites from subjects differing according to their dietary habits or recent food consumption (Scalbert et al., AJCN 2014). SU.VI.MAX female subjects who filled at least ten 24h dietary records during the first 2 years of follow-up were stratified in deciles according to their level of adherence to the guidelines of the Programme National Nutrition Santé, assessed by the score PNNS-GS previously described (Estaquio et al., JADA 2009) but not taking into account the physical activity component. A total of 80 women, aged 48±6.4 years old was randomly selected in the 10th decile of the PNNS-GS distribution and 80 women matched for age, baseline menopausal status, BMI, smoking and season of blood draw were selected in the 1st decile. Plasma samples collected at baseline in the SU.VI.MAX study were analyzed using Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography (UPLC) coupled with a quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometer (QToF, Impact II Bruker), equipped with an electrospray ionization source. Metabolic profiles were acquired in both positive and negative modes with a scan range from 50 to 1,000 mass-to-charge ratio. Data were pre-processed using Galaxy workflow4metabolomics. A total of 1575 and 601 signals (ions) were detected in positive and negative mode, respectively. Metabolomics profiles were compared using univariate and multivariate statistical methods (ANOVA with Benjamini-Hochberg (BH) correction, PCA, HCA, PLS, correlation analyses adjusted for energy intake) to determine the ions associated with the PNNS-GS, some specific components of the score and with the level of consumption of 58 foods/food groups assessed with the FFQ. 84 ions in positive mode and 30 ions in negative mode were found correlated with specific foods/food groups (r&gt;0.3, p-value with BH &lt;0.1). A few of them were expected such as trigonelline, paraxanthine, actractyligenin glucuronide, known as candidate biomarkers of coffee intake and proline betaine for orange intake discovered in previous metabolomics studies. This demonstrates the relevance of our strategy. The identification of the other candidate biomarkers is ongoing. It is based on search in various in-house and online databases and literature as well as on complementary analyses with MS/MS fragmentation using a ultra-high resolution LTQ-OrbiTrap mass spectrometer and analysis of the standard when available. This work will provide a range of new candidate biomarkers of food intake that are crucially needed to improve the quality of dietary assessment in epidemiological studies.