A low folate intake or a low folate status have been found to be associated with a higher frequency of depression in populations, but the existence and the direction of a causal link between folate intake or status and depression is still uncertain. The aim of this study was to seek the relation between the habitual folate intake in middle-aged men and women and the occurrence of depressive episodes. In a subsample of 1864 subjects (809 men and 1055 women) from the French SU.VI.MAX cohort, dietary habits have been measured at the beginning of the follow-up (six 24 h records) and declarations of antidepressant prescription, taken as markers of depressive episodes, have been recorded during the 8-year follow-up. No significant association was observed between folate intake and the risk of any depressive episode or of a single depressive episode during the follow-up, in both men and women. In contrast, the risk of experiencing recurrent depressive episodes (two or more) during the follow-up was strongly reduced in men with high folate intake (OR 0.25 (95 % CI 0.06, 0.98) for the highest tertile v. the lowest, P for trend 0.046). This association was not observed in women. These results suggest that a low folate intake may increase the risk of recurrent depression in men.

Vieillissement cutane : evaluations cliniques et bio-instrumentales, a propos de la vitamine C en topique P. Humbert Service de dermatologie, Laboratoire d'ingenierie et de biologie cutanees, CHU Saint-Jacques, 25000 Besancon. Les methodes de biometrologie Depuis l'introduction de la bio-ingenierie dans le domaine medical, la recherche dermatologique fondamentale [...]

Annonce par le Premier ministre, le 13 decembre 2000 dans son discours de cloture des Etats generaux de l'alimentation, presente le 31 janvier 2001 par Dominique Gillot, a l'epoque secretaire d'etat a la Sante, le Programme national nutrition-sante (PNNS) a ete lance par Bernard Kouchner (ministre de la Sante) et Lucien Abenhaim (directeur general de la sante). Ce vaste programme de sante publique dans le domaine de la nutrition se deroulera sur les cinq prochaines annees. Il est l'aboutissement d'une reflexion menee au cours des trois dernieres annees sous l'egide de la direction generale de la sante (DGS). En effet, le choix de la nutrition, comme theme marquant dans le domaine de la sante de la presidence francaise de l'Union europeenne, et la preparation de la resolution europeenne sur la sante et la nutrition europeenne, signee par l'ensemble des ministres de la Sante europeens le 14 decembre 2000, a suscite une reflexion en profondeur, au sein de la DGS, sur la necessite de developper, en France, une politique nutritionnelle de sante publique. Pres de 40 personnalites, scientifiques, chercheurs, representants des instances administratives (sante, education nationale et agriculture, InVS, AFSSA), medecins hospitaliers, industriels de l'agroalimentaires et representants des consommateurs ont contribue a la redaction d'un rapport finalise par un groupe de travail mandate par le haut-comite de la sante publique (HCSP) [1]. Ce document a servi de base a l'elaboration du PNNS. Mais ce programme s'appuie egalement sur les travaux du conseil national de l'alimentation (CNA) et, sur les attentes exprimees par les consommateurs et les professionnels de l'alimentation lors des etats generaux de l'alimentation.

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified a number of risk loci for cutaneous melanoma. Cutaneous melanoma shares overlapping genetic risk (genetic correlation) with a number of other traits, including its risk factors such as sunburn propensity. This genetic correlation can be exploited to identify additional cutaneous melanoma risk loci by multitrait analysis of GWAS (MTAG). We used bivariate linkage disequilibrium-score regression score regression to identify traits that are genetically correlated with clinically confirmed cutaneous melanoma and then used publicly available GWAS for these traits in a multitrait analysis of GWAS. Multitrait analysis of GWAS allows GWAS to be combined while accounting for sample overlap and incomplete genetic correlation. We identified a total of 74 genome-wide independent loci, 19 of them were not previously reported in the input cutaneous melanoma GWAS meta-analysis. Of these loci, 55 were replicated (P < 0.05/74, Bonferroni-corrected P-value in two independent cutaneous melanoma replication cohorts from Melanoma Institute Australia and 23andMe, Inc. Among the, to our knowledge, previously unreported cutaneous melanoma loci are ones that have also been associated with autoimmune traits including rs715199 near LPP and rs10858023 near AP4B1. Our analysis indicates genetic correlation between traits can be leveraged to identify new risk genes for cutaneous melanoma.

info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

Epidemiological studies performed during the last 20 years support an inverse relationship between the individual intake of fruits and vegetables and the risk of cancer. In taking into account some recent conflicting data, a working group of the Nacre network, the French Network for Food and Cancer Research, has conduced a critical analysis of epidemiological and experimental studies, including the preliminary data from the Epic cohort, the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition, to clarify the role of fruits and vegetables to prevent cancer. To date, a high intake of fruits and vegetables (at least, 400 g per day) is appropriate to lower the risk of cancer. Fruits and vegetables provide numerous phytochemicals which, in part, may explain their beneficial effect. Thus, studies in animal models and in cell-culture systems have furnished a lot of information about the potential mechanism by which a diet high in fruits and vegetables may reduce the risk of cancer in humans. However, more investigation in the identification of the biologically active constituents, in the knowledge of their availability and the mechanism by which they contribute to lower the risk of cancer, will increase the scientific support of a public health policy.

A 3.5-month-old boy presented with a changing medium-sized congenital melanocytic nevus on his leg. Due to atypical features on dermoscopy and reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM), an excision of the area of concern was performed. Histopathology showed many of the pathological features usually associated with a diagnosis of melanoma in situ in older patients, but due to the young age of the patient, absence of mitoses, and the degree of atypia, a diagnosis of a dysplastic compound nevus arising in a congenital compound (predominantly dermal) nevus was favored. In our case, RCM corresponded to histopathology helped target the area of concern and map the clinical and subclinical components to facilitate an optimal biopsy.